GeoJeopardy! Fridays #82

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it has been a little while so I will do another one.

- The Earth -

An atoll is a circular one of these that has grown around a sunken volcanic island

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  It's believed the Earth is over 4.5 billion yrs. old, based on 4.6 billion yr. old rocks found on this neighbor

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 Dolomitization is the process by which this rock, including its fossils, turns into dolomite

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Term given to the tundra's always-frozen soil layer


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Until this 19th century French scientist, no one had proved the Earth rotated

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #81

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because, the rat saw his shadow.

- A Matter of Gravity -

British scientist Henry Cavendish made the first reliable measurement of gravity late in this century

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  NASA's Neutral Buoyancy Lab puts astronauts in a simulation of this condition that's experienced during space flight

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 The Sun's gravity is said to perturb, or affect, this path of the Moon relative to the Earth

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Building on the work of Galileo and Kepler, he published the first quantitative theory of gravitation in 1687


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There's "gravity" in this term for the point in an object that, if supported, puts the whole object in equilibrium

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #80

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because, well, just because.

- Rock Band -

The law of superposition states that any bed of rock must be older than another bed here

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  A 250-million-year, old grayish-white limestone layer of sea fossils is referred to as this canyon's "bathtub ring"

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 The earth's outermost layer of rock, it comes in oceanic & continental types (sorry, no whole wheat)

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Layers of rock are commonly referred to as these, from the Latin for "something spread out"


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Most exposed rock on the earth's surface is this type produced by the weathering & erosion of older rock

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #79

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's a new year, bring on the party.

- Volcanoes -

Popocatepetl, a volcano near this capital city, is a source of sulfur

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  Mount Taranaki in this country gets its name from a Maori word for "Barren Mountain"

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 Because of the May 18, 1980 eruption, this Washington volcano is now about 1,300 feet shorter

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Mount Etna is part of this mountain system


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Mount Erebus in this continent's Victoria Land region was discovered by Sir James Ross in 1841

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #78

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's the end of the year so lets deal with some extinctions.

- Where the Wild Things Were -

In prehistoric times 10 foot tall "terror birds" ranged over much of this continent, including Patagonia

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  The shamainu or Honshu type of this canine, died out early in the 20th century

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 Though specimens still exist in zoos, the Barbary lion, native to the north of this continent, is extinct in the wild

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  The Xerces Blue of this insect, native to sand dunes in San Francisco's Sunset District, became extinct in the 1940s


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The bulldog rat disappeared around 1900 from this Aussie-owned island named for a holiday

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #77

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because tis the season for some merriment.

- Geology -

Corundum makes up much of this rock used to make an abrasive "board"

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  The sword of Damocles is a large one of these formations in Carlsbad Caverns

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 Shatter cones, with radiating fracture lines, are only found at the sites of space object impacts & of these tests

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  This fancy French word refers to a deep fissure in a glacier


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A giant ocean called Panthalassa once surrounded this supercontinent, whose name means "all earth"

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #76

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because school is over for the semester (at least for some of us).

- Volcanoes -

The names of 2 types of lava flow, pahoehoe & aa, come from this language

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  This Indonesian volcano just west of Java erupted in 1883 causing sea waves almost 130 feet high

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 A 1963 underwater eruption began the formation of the island of Surtsey off this north Atlantic country

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  In Roman mythology, this god of fire's blacksmith shops were located under Mount Etna


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Paricutin Volcano in this country began in a farmer's field in 1943; within 6 days, it had a cinder cone 500 feet high

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #75

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because baby it's cold outside.

- Mountains -

At 14,433 feet, Colorado's Mount Elbert is the highest peak in this mountain chain

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  Lake Kawaguchi is famous for its inverted reflection of this peak on its still waters

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 Worn down by wind and rain, the mountains of this range that includes the Vesuvius are among the lowest in Europe

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  Now dormant, this volcano in Eastern Turkey last erupted on June 2, 1840


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This range forms an arc from Slovakia to Romania with both ends lying on the Danube river

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #74

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's winter, batten down the hatches.

- Harvard Museum of Natural History -

A relative of the plesiosaurs, this 42-foot reptile terrorized the seas of the early Cretaceous period; called Kronosaurus queenslandicus, it was discovered on a 1931 Harvard expedition to this continent

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  The museum has 4,000 handcrafted glass flowers; created from 1887 to 1936, their accuracy allowed study in Boston of flowers from these regions, between 23^o 27' north & south

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 The Harvard Museum has part of the famous Zagami meteorite, which fell to the Earth in Nigeria in 1962; gases trapped inside match those found by Viking spacecraft, confirming the rock's distant origin on this planet

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  Suspended above the museum's dramatic Great Mammal Hall are the skeletons of three whale species--a finback whale, a right whale, & this, the largest of the toothed whales


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Weighing in at more than 1,600 pounds, the giant chunk of amethyst here is one of these stones that form under pressure inside cavities, from the Latin for "earth"

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GeoJeopary! Fridays #73

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because in honor of Turkey day, here are some extinct animals.

- It's Extinct -

They include Mount Shasta in California & Kilimanjaro in Africa

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  Known for its overbite, this prehistoric cat could be found throughout much of the world

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 These birds became extinct on Reunion Island about 1750 & on Rodrigues Island about 1800

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  Coccolithophorids that lived 70-100 mil. yrs. ago fossilized to form this famous seaside site in England


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Known & named for its 3 horns, this dinosaur became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous Period.

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #72

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's a lazy day so far.

- Rock -

More than half of sedimentary rock is this type from which oil & natural gas can be obtained

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  Trachyte & rhyolite are the most common varieties of this porous igneous volcanic rock

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 On average rocks consist of 46.5% this gaseous element

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 In its purest form, this rock used in the cement industry contains only calcite

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Chert, a hard, dense sedimentary rock, is called jasper if it's brightly colored, & this if it's dark

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #71

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's 11-11-11 so thank a Veteran today

- Volcanoes -

About its eruption in 79 A.D., an observer wrote that "broad sheets of fire and leaping flames blazed at several points"

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  At least 57 people died as a result of this U.S. volcano's May 18, 1980 eruption

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 This youngest surface volcano on the Big Island of Hawaii has distinctive lava formations like Pele's Hair

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 In 1908 members of Ernest Shackleton's expedition became the first to climb this continent's Mount Erebus

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This lake lies in a caldera formed when Oregon's Mount Mazama volcano collapsed 7,000 years ago

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #70

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's almost Halloween!

- Earth Science -

There are 2 major ice sheets on Earth; one covers most of Antarctica & the other most of this island

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  The Bay of Fundy is famous for its range of these, the widest on Earth

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 This 19th C. chemist, famous for a burner, devised a still-accepted theory on how geysers work

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 The sling psychrometer & hair hygrometer are used to determine the relative amount of this

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The Earth is surrounded by the magnetosphere, which is shaped by this particle stream

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #69

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because we have a current events question (sort of).

- Earthquake! -

The palace hotel in this U.S. city had to be rebuilt after it was gutted by fire following a 1906 earthquake

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  The center of this Nicaraguan capital was almost completely destroyed in a 1972 earthquake

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The standard scale is logarithmic, so an 8.0 has waves this many times larger than a 7.0

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The August 23, 2011 5.8 quake near D.C. really shook up the scientists in Reston, Virginia at the USGS, short for this

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Roman emperor Trajan was nearly killed in a 115 A.D. quake in Antioch, now Antakya in this country

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #68

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's time for a little geochemistry.

- The Style of Elements -

Humphry Davy named this element after potash, its much older name

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  The Chem Time Clock helps chemistry students learn the periodic table by using element's symbols in place of numbers. It's 1:35, or these two elements

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This element, atomic no. 17, is used as a bleach

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Make no bones about it, it's the fifth most abundant element in both the earth's crust & the human body

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For hundreds of years people have believed in the rejuvenating qualities of the Dead sea's black mud. Among its many components this element, symbol Mg, said to remove toxins from the skin. Makes you feel good.

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #67

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because winter has reared it's ugly head.

- Earth Science -

An analysis of seawater shows that about 78% of the total solids are this one mineral

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  It's a fracture of the Earth's rocky outer shell where sections of rock slide against each other

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Larger than dust, this particulate matter from volcanoes ranges from .01 to .16 inches in diameter

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From the Latin for "flowing together", it's where 2 or more streams flow together to form one

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This electrically charged layer of the atmosphere makes long-distance radio communication possible

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #66

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because I'm working from home today.

- Down to Earth -

When it's closest to the Earth, this planet with a 687-day year is about 33 million miles away

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  Eratosthenes calculated this c. 230 B.C. using the difference between the sun's angles at 2 places during June

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The Lambert one of these formations in the Antarctic is over 250 miles long

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"Cast" in the role of the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, its atomic number is 26

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A clue for alien astronomers looking for life on Earth is the large amount of this gas, CH₄, in the atmosphere

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #65

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it is time for a break.

- Earth Science -

In a mining lode, the gangue is the junk & this is the mineral with the good stuff in it

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 Venice is sinking because Italy is actually part of this continent's plate & it's sliding under Europe's plate

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 It's not just oil -- Saudi Arabia has reserves of over 200 trillion cubic feet of this

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It Seismographers use the difference in speed between P waves & S waves to locate this point

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Some ocean sediment is radiolarian ooze, made of these parts of tiny protozoans

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #64

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because I said so.

- Pick a Planet -

Its "day" is 24 hours & 39 minutes

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It's the third largest in our solar system

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 It's never observable when the sky is fully dark

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It was the first to be discovered with the aid of the telescope

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Leda is its 13th moon

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GeoJeopardy! Fridays #63

Time for GeoJeopardy! Fridays, because it's time for a break.

- Rock Your World -

The University of Wisconsin-Madison Geology Museum has the state rock of Wisconsin; not to be confused with the state rock of New Hampshire, it's the red type of this

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Formed by magma, this one of the 3 major types of rock may be plutonic, or formed deep in the Earth

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 A schism is a division into faction; this type of rock, one letter different from "schism", has distinct layers

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Dacite is volcanic rock characterized by the presence of this common form of silicon dioxide

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Scattered material that can include sand & dust is called this "rock", after the layer below the Earth's crust

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